Recent HIV-1 infection in Israel 2017-2021: Evaluation of geenius and HIV-1/2 combo assays for identifying recent infection detected by Sedia assay and assessment of factors related to recent infection: Recent HIV-1 infection in Israel.
J Clin Virol
; 170: 105624, 2024 02.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38118239
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Estimating HIV-1 recency of infection for incidence and local outbreaks detection usually involves specifically designed assays. Here, we established an approach to identify recent infections, estimate their rate, and assess potential risk factors.METHODS:
Randomly selected HIV-1 positive samples (n = 382) collected in 2017-2021 were tested by Sedia and compared to the results of Geenius recency algorithm and the S/CO values of the HIV-1/2 Combo assay. Using Geenius and Combo recency verdict, we assessed all cases diagnosed in 2017-2021. Related factors were further assessed.RESULTS:
While Geenius and Combo had a sensitivity of 65.9 % and 89.30 %, respectively, and specificity of 96 % and 90 %, respectively, compared to Sedia, higher concordance (97.2 %) and kappa (>0.9) were observed when the verdict of both assays together was compared to Sedia. Using this approach, 15.3 % (238/1548) of individuals diagnosed in 2017-2021 were defined as recently infected. In multivariate analysis, recent diagnosis was mainly associated with men who have sex with men (MSM) and with birthplace in Israel, Western/Central Europe, or North America.CONCLUSIONS:
Only 15.3 % of infections in 2017-2021, mainly in MSM and Israeli/Western countries-born individuals, were diagnosed early. Regular diagnostic assays have a potential to identify and monitor trends in recent infections.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
HIV Infections
/
HIV-1
/
HIV Seropositivity
/
Sexual and Gender Minorities
Limits:
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
En
Journal:
J Clin Virol
Journal subject:
VIROLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Israel