S-acylation regulates SQSTM1/p62-mediated selective autophagy.

ABSTRACT

Macroautophagy/autophagy is a highly conserved metabolic process that degrades intracellular components and recycles bioenergetic substrates. SQSTM1/p62 (sequestosome 1) is a classical autophagy receptor that participates in selective autophagy to eliminate abnormal intracellular components and recycle bioenergetic substrates. In autophagy, SQSTM1 recruits ubiquitinated substrates to form SQSTM1 droplets and delivers these cargoes to phagophores, the precursors to autophagosomes. Recently, we reported a previously unidentified SQSTM1 S-acylation, which is catalyzed by S-acyltransferase ZDHHC19 and reversed by LYPLA1/APT1. S-acylation of SQSTM1 enhances the affinity of SQSTM1 droplets with the phagophore membrane, thereby promoting efficient autophagic degradation of ubiquitinated substrates. Our study uncovers the role of the S-acylation-deacylation cycle in regulating SQSTM1-mediated selective autophagy.