Electrical Impedance Tomography to Monitor Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
; 209(6): 670-682, 2024 03 15.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38127779
ABSTRACT
Hypoxemic respiratory failure is one of the leading causes of mortality in intensive care. Frequent assessment of individual physiological characteristics and delivery of personalized mechanical ventilation (MV) settings is a constant challenge for clinicians caring for these patients. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a radiation-free bedside monitoring device that is able to assess regional lung ventilation and changes in aeration. With real-time tomographic functional images of the lungs obtained through a thoracic belt, clinicians can visualize and estimate the distribution of ventilation at different ventilation settings or following procedures such as prone positioning. Several studies have evaluated the performance of EIT to monitor the effects of different MV settings in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, allowing more personalized MV. For instance, EIT could help clinicians find the positive end-expiratory pressure that represents a compromise between recruitment and overdistension and assess the effect of prone positioning on ventilation distribution. The clinical impact of the personalization of MV remains to be explored. Despite inherent limitations such as limited spatial resolution, EIT also offers a unique noninvasive bedside assessment of regional ventilation changes in the ICU. This technology offers the possibility of a continuous, operator-free diagnosis and real-time detection of common problems during MV. This review provides an overview of the functioning of EIT, its main indices, and its performance in monitoring patients with acute respiratory failure. Future perspectives for use in intensive care are also addressed.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
/
Respiratory Insufficiency
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
Journal subject:
TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
France