Hybrid Endovascular and Surgical Treatment of a Traumatic Scalp Arteriovenous Fistula.

ABSTRACT

Traumatic scalp arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a relatively rare complication of scalp trauma. Patients most commonly present with a growing pulsatile head mass. History of trauma, clinical presentation, and diagnostic imaging, including digital subtraction angiography, aid in establishing the diagnosis. Endovascular embolization is the preferred treatment modality which may be combined with surgical excision for larger complex lesions. In this case, we report the clinical and radiological features of a traumatic scalp AVF in a middle-aged man with a remote history of trauma that was treated with a two-step hybrid approach combining transarterial embolization with surgical resection. We also present a brief overview of the various treatment modalities currently employed to treat scalp AVFs.