Autoimmune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Autoimmun Rev
; 23(3): 103508, 2024 Mar.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38160960
ABSTRACT
The complicated relationships between autoimmunity, COVID-19, and COVID-19 vaccinations are described, giving insight into their intricacies. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-Ro/SSA, rheumatoid factor, lupus anticoagulant, and antibodies against interferon (IFN)-I have all been consistently found in COVID-19 patients, indicating a high prevalence of autoimmune reactions following viral exposure. Furthermore, the discovery of human proteins with structural similarities to SARS-CoV-2 peptides as possible autoantigens highlights the complex interplay between the virus and the immune system in initiating autoimmunity. An updated summary of the current status of COVID-19 vaccines is presented. We present probable pathways underpinning the genesis of COVID-19 autoimmunity, such as bystander activation caused by hyperinflammatory conditions, viral persistence, and the creation of neutrophil extracellular traps. These pathways provide important insights into the development of autoimmune-related symptoms ranging from organ-specific to systemic autoimmune and inflammatory illnesses, demonstrating the wide influence of COVID-19 on the immune system.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Autoimmunity
/
COVID-19 Vaccines
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Autoimmun Rev
/
Autoimmun. rev
/
Autoimmunity reviews
Journal subject:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Country of publication:
Netherlands