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The gut microbiome of Baka forager-horticulturalists from Cameroon is optimized for wild plant foods.
Rampelli, Simone; Gallois, Sandrine; D'Amico, Federica; Turroni, Silvia; Fabbrini, Marco; Scicchitano, Daniel; Candela, Marco; Henry, Amanda.
Affiliation
  • Rampelli S; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
  • Gallois S; Department of Archaeological Sciences, Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, 2311 Leiden, the Netherlands.
  • D'Amico F; Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, ST, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
  • Turroni S; Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DiMeC), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
  • Fabbrini M; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
  • Scicchitano D; Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DiMeC), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
  • Candela M; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
  • Henry A; Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
iScience ; 27(3): 109211, 2024 Mar 15.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38433907
ABSTRACT
The human gut microbiome is losing biodiversity, due to the "microbiome modernization process" that occurs with urbanization. To keep track of it, here we applied shotgun metagenomics to the gut microbiome of the Baka, a group of forager-horticulturalists from Cameroon, who combine hunting and gathering with growing a few crops and working for neighboring Bantu-speaking farmers. We analyzed the gut microbiome of individuals with different access to and use of wild plant and processed foods, to explore the variation of their gut microbiome along the cline from hunter-gatherer to agricultural subsistence patterns. We found that 26 species-level genome bins from our cohort were pivotal for the degradation of the wild plant food substrates. These microbes include Old Friend species and are encoded for genes that are no longer present in industrialized gut microbiome. Our results highlight the potential relevance of these genes to human biology and health, in relation to lifestyle.
Key words

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Language: En Journal: IScience Year: 2024 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Italy Country of publication: United States

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Language: En Journal: IScience Year: 2024 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Italy Country of publication: United States