Schwann Cell Development and Myelination.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol
; 2024 Mar 19.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38503507
ABSTRACT
Glial cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which arise from the neural crest, include axon-associated Schwann cells (SCs) in nerves, synapse-associated SCs at the neuromuscular junction, enteric glia, perikaryon-associated satellite cells in ganglia, and boundary cap cells at the border between the central nervous system (CNS) and the PNS. Here, we focus on axon-associated SCs. These SCs progress through a series of formative stages, which culminate in the generation of myelinating SCs that wrap large-caliber axons and of nonmyelinating (Remak) SCs that enclose multiple, small-caliber axons. In this work, we describe SC development, extrinsic signals from the axon and extracellular matrix (ECM) and the intracellular signaling pathways they activate that regulate SC development, and the morphogenesis and organization of myelinating SCs and the myelin sheath. We review the impact of SCs on the biology and integrity of axons and their emerging role in regulating peripheral nerve architecture. Finally, we explain how transcription and epigenetic factors control and fine-tune SC development and myelination.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Language:
En
Journal:
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol
Journal subject:
BIOLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States