Medical School Curriculum Relating to Clinical Ethical Decision Making During a Pandemic: A Scoping Review.

ABSTRACT

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the need for medical students to be prepared to make adequate decisions during unique challenges presented during pandemics. Objective: This review aims to provide a comprehensive look into the current global literature that discusses medical curricula on clinical ethical issues during a pandemic. Methods: The scoping review methodology was divided into three stages. Phase 1, planning, involved identifying key terms, selecting databases, creating a search criterion, and deciding on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Phase 2, study selection and data extraction, included screening the title and abstract, reviewing the complete text, and extracting data. Phase 3, analysis and write-up, comprised analyzing the extracted information and composing the review. Results: 10 studies were included and underwent data extraction as part of the review. The studies varied by country, study design, institution, education setting, and course titles. Ethical issues identified while reviewing the curriculums were resource allocation, healthcare worker obligations, personal protective equipment, disease control, communication, management protocols, and patient care. Conclusion: This review revealed a lack of literature regarding the curriculum for medical students on ethical issues during a pandemic. This indicates a need for reform in medical education to cover pandemic preparedness and ethical concerns during a pandemic. If medical schools do not address this gap, future physicians may encounter the same issues healthcare workers faced during the COVID-19 pandemic.