Non-cancerous complications in HTLV-1 carriers.
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther
; 22(5): 307-316, 2024 May.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38536666
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carriers may develop adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), or HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). The evidence is limited regarding other diseases potentially associated with HTLV-1, such as HTLV-1-associated autoimmune diseases. AREA COVERED We summarized the available information on complications associated with HTLV-1 infection. EXPERT OPINION Previous studies showed that HTLV-1 carriers have an increased incidence of collagen diseases including Sjögren's syndrome, as well as dysthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, cognitive deficits are observed in asymptomatic carriers and in symptomatic carriers who develop HAM/TSP. It is hypothesized that altered immunoregulation occurs as a result of persistent HTLV-1 infection. A systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that HTLV-1 infection itself has an adverse impact on overall survival. ATL alone cannot entirely explain the adverse impact of HTLV-1 infection on overall mortality, because the incidence is low, and therefore HTLV-1-associated diseases as a whole may contribute to the inferior clinical outcome. However, there are insufficient data to determine the causal relationship between HTLV-1 infection and each complication. While non-cancerous events linked to HTLV-1 infection are not fatal, they are likely to reduce quality of life. Large prospective studies should be conducted by international collaborators.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
/
HTLV-I Infections
/
Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell
/
Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic
/
Carrier State
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther
Journal subject:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Japan