Systematic Review of Longitudinal Evidence and Methodologies for Research on Neighborhood Characteristics and Brain Health.
Public Health Rev
; 45: 1606677, 2024.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38596450
ABSTRACT
Objective:
Synthesize longitudinal research evaluating neighborhood environments and cognition to identify methodological approaches, findings, and gaps.Methods:
Included studies evaluated associations between neighborhood and cognition longitudinally among adults >45 years (or mean age of 65 years) living in developed nations. We extracted data on sample characteristics, exposures, outcomes, methods, overall findings, and assessment of disparities.Results:
Forty studies met our inclusion criteria. Most (65%) measured exposure only once and a majority focused on green space and/or blue space (water), neighborhood socioeconomic status, and recreation/physical activity facilities. Similarly, over half studied incident impairment, cognitive function or decline (70%), with one examining MRI (2.5%) or Alzheimer's disease (7.5%). While most studies used repeated measures analysis to evaluate changes in the brain health outcome (51%), many studies did not account for any type of correlation within neighborhoods (35%). Less than half evaluated effect modification by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and/or sex/gender. Evidence was mixed and dependent on exposure or outcome assessed.Conclusion:
Although longitudinal research evaluating neighborhood and cognitive decline has expanded, gaps remain in types of exposures, outcomes, analytic approaches, and sample diversity.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Language:
En
Journal:
Public Health Rev
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States