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PEGylated liposomes for diagnosis of polyethylene glycol allergy.
Perkins, Griffith B; Tunbridge, Matthew J; Hurtado, Plinio R; Zuiani, James; Mhatre, Shweta; Yip, Kwok Ho; Le, Thanh-Thao Adriana; Yuson, Carlo; Kette, Frank; Hissaria, Pravin.
Affiliation
  • Perkins GB; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Central and Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia; Immunology Directorate, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.
  • Tunbridge MJ; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Central and Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
  • Hurtado PR; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Central and Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
  • Zuiani J; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
  • Mhatre S; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Immunology Directorate, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.
  • Yip KH; Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.
  • Le TA; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
  • Yuson C; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
  • Kette F; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
  • Hissaria P; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Immunology Directorate, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia. Electronic address: Pravin.hissaria@sa.gov.au.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38718949
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a nonprotein polymer that is present in its native (unbound) form as an excipient in a range of products. It is increasingly being utilized clinically in the form of PEGylated liposomal medications and vaccines. PEG is the cause of anaphylaxis in a small percentage of drug reactions; however, diagnosis of PEG allergy is complicated by the variable and poor diagnostic performance of current skin testing protocols.

OBJECTIVE:

We assessed the diagnostic performance of PEGylated lipid medications as an alternative to currently described tests that use medications containing PEG excipients.

METHODS:

Nine patients with a strong history of PEG allergy were evaluated by skin testing with a panel of PEG-containing medications and with a PEGylated lipid nanoparticle vaccine (BNT162b2). Reactivity of basophils to unbound and liposomal PEG was assessed ex vivo, and specificity of basophil responses to PEGylated liposomes was investigated with a competitive inhibition assay. More detailed information is provided in this article's Methods section in the Online Repository available at www.jacionline.org.

RESULTS:

Despite compelling histories of anaphylaxis to PEG-containing medications, only 2 (22%) of 9 patients were skin test positive for purified PEG or their index reaction-indicated PEG-containing compound. Conversely, all 9 patients were skin test positive or basophil activation test positive to PEGylated liposomal BNT162b2 vaccine. Concordantly, PEGylated liposomal drugs (BNT162b2 vaccine and PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin), but not purified PEG2000, consistently induced basophil activation ex vivo in patients with PEG allergy but not in nonallergic controls. Basophil reactivity to PEGylated nanoparticles competitively inhibited by preincubation of basophils with native PEG2000.

CONCLUSION:

Presentation of PEG on the surface of a lipid nanoparticle increases its in vivo and ex vivo allergenicity, and improves diagnosis of PEG allergy.
Key words

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Language: En Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol Year: 2024 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Australia

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Language: En Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol Year: 2024 Document type: Article Affiliation country: Australia