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Mycotoxin contamination in organic and conventional cereal grain and products: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Wang, Juan; Sufar, Enas Khalid; Bernhoft, Aksel; Seal, Chris; Rempelos, Leonidas; Hasanaliyeva, Gultekin; Zhao, Bingqiang; Iversen, Per Ole; Baranski, Marcin; Volakakis, Nikolaos; Leifert, Carlo.
Affiliation
  • Wang J; Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
  • Sufar EK; Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
  • Bernhoft A; Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Stocksfield, UK.
  • Seal C; Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
  • Rempelos L; Section for Chemistry and Toxinology, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Aas, Norway.
  • Hasanaliyeva G; Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
  • Zhao B; Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Stocksfield, UK.
  • Iversen PO; Lincoln Institute for Agri-Food Technology, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK.
  • Baranski M; School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.
  • Volakakis N; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning (IARRP), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (CAAS), Beijing, China.
  • Leifert C; Department of Nutrition, IMB, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf ; 23(3): e13363, 2024 05.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38720588
ABSTRACT
There is still considerable controversy about the relative risk of mycotoxin exposure associated with the consumption of organic and conventional cereals. Using validated protocols, we carried out a systematic literature review and meta-analyses of data on the incidence and concentrations of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium, Claviceps, Penicillium, and Aspergillus species in organic and conventional cereal grains/products. The standard weighted meta-analysis of concentration data detected a significant effect of production system (organic vs. conventional) only for the Fusarium mycotoxins deoxynivalenol, with concentrations ∼50% higher in conventional than organic cereal grains/products (p < 0.0001). Weighted meta-analyses of incidence data and unweighted meta-analyses of concentration data also detected small, but significant effects of production system on the incidence and/or concentrations of T-2/HT-2 toxins, zearalenone, enniatin, beauvericin, ochratoxin A (OTA), and aflatoxins. Multilevel meta-analyses identified climatic conditions, cereal species, study type, and analytical methods used as important confounding factors for the effects of production system. Overall, results from this study suggest that (i) Fusarium mycotoxin contamination decreased between the 1990s and 2020, (ii) contamination levels are similar in organic and conventional cereals used for human consumption, and (iii) maintaining OTA concentrations below the maximum contamination levels (3.0 µg/kg) set by the EU remains a major challenge.
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Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Food Contamination / Edible Grain / Mycotoxins Language: En Journal: Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf Year: 2024 Document type: Article Affiliation country: China

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Food Contamination / Edible Grain / Mycotoxins Language: En Journal: Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf Year: 2024 Document type: Article Affiliation country: China