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Clinical characteristics and aetiology of uveitis in a viral haemorrhagic fever zone.
Balendra, Shiama; Harrison-Williams, Lloyd; Mustapha, Jalikatu; Koroma, Zikan; Kamara, Alicious; Saradugu, Bangi; Conteh, Osman; Kanu, Theophilus; Kamara, Santigie; Koroma, Sheku Alhaji; Vandy, Matthew; Ward, Laura; Wang, Huachun; Fashina, Tolulope; Shantha, Jessica; Yeh, Steven; Kennedy, Alasdair.
Affiliation
  • Balendra S; UCL-University College London, London, United Kingdom. shiama.balendra@nhs.net.
  • Harrison-Williams L; King's College Global Health Partnership, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. shiama.balendra@nhs.net.
  • Mustapha J; University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA. shiama.balendra@nhs.net.
  • Koroma Z; Sight and Sound, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom. shiama.balendra@nhs.net.
  • Kamara A; Jui Government Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
  • Saradugu B; Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
  • Conteh O; Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
  • Kanu T; Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
  • Kamara S; Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
  • Koroma SA; Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
  • Vandy M; Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
  • Ward L; Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
  • Wang H; Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
  • Fashina T; Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
  • Shantha J; Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
  • Yeh S; University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
  • Kennedy A; University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
Eye (Lond) ; 38(11): 2110-2116, 2024 Aug.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38750125
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/

OBJECTIVES:

Studies on uveitis in Sierra Leone were conducted prior to the Ebola Virus Disease epidemic of 2013-16, which was associated with uveitis in 20% of survivors. They did not include imaging or investigation of tuberculosis and used laboratory services outside the country. We performed a cross-sectional study on patients presenting with uveitis to establish their clinical characteristics and identify the impact of in-country laboratory diagnoses.

METHODS:

We invited uveitis cases presenting to Eye Clinics in Sierra Leone from March to September 2022 to participate in the study. They underwent a diagnostic work-up, including fundus and ocular coherence tomography imaging. Active uveitis cases underwent further investigations including serology and immunological tests for syphilis, tuberculosis, herpetic viruses and HIV and chest radiographs.

RESULTS:

We recruited 128 patients. The median age was 34 (IQR 19) years and there was an equal gender split. Panuveitis was the predominant anatomical uveitis type (n = 51, 40%), followed by posterior uveitis (n = 36, 28%). Bilateral disease affected 40 patients (31%). Active uveitis was identified in 75 (59%) cases. ICD 11 definition of blindness with VA < 3/60 occurred in 55 (33%) uveitis eyes. Aetiology of uveitis from clinical and laboratory assessment demonstrated that most cases were of undifferentiated aetiology (n = 66, 52%), followed by toxoplasmosis (n = 46, 36%). Trauma contributed to eight (6%) cases, syphilis to 5 (4%) cases and Ebola to 2 (2%).

CONCLUSIONS:

Uveitis was associated with high levels of visual impairment. Posterior and panuveitis contributed to the highest proportion of uveitis cases. Laboratory studies helped differentiate syphilis as a significant aetiology of uveitis.
Subject(s)

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Uveitis Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Child / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: En Journal: Eye (Lond) Journal subject: OFTALMOLOGIA Year: 2024 Document type: Article Affiliation country: United kingdom

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Uveitis Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Child / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Country/Region as subject: Africa Language: En Journal: Eye (Lond) Journal subject: OFTALMOLOGIA Year: 2024 Document type: Article Affiliation country: United kingdom