Exposure of cattle to tick-borne encephalitis virus in the historical endemic zone in north-eastern France.
BMC Vet Res
; 20(1): 228, 2024 May 25.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38796429
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a severe human neuroinfection caused by TBE virus (TBEV). TBEV is transmitted by tick bites and by the consumption of unpasteurized dairy products from infected asymptomatic ruminants. In France, several food-borne transmission events have been reported since 2020, raising the question of the level of exposure of domestic ungulates to TBEV. In this study, our objectives were (i) to estimate TBEV seroprevalence and quantify antibodies titres in cattle in the historical endemic area of TBEV in France using the micro virus neutralisation test (MNT) and (ii) to compare the performance of two veterinary cELISA kits with MNT for detecting anti-TBEV antibodies in cattle in various epidemiological contexts. A total of 344 cattle sera from four grid cells of 100 km² in Alsace-Lorraine (endemic region) and 84 from western France, assumed to be TBEV-free, were investigated.RESULTS:
In Alsace-Lorraine, cattle were exposed to the virus with an overall estimated seroprevalence of 57.6% (95% CI 52.1-62.8%, n = 344), varying locally from 29.9% (95% CI 21.0-40.0%) to 92.1% (95% CI 84.5-96.8%). Seroprevalence did not increase with age, with one- to three-year-old cattle being as highly exposed as older ones, suggesting a short-life duration of antibodies. The proportion of sera with MNT titres lower than 140 per grid cell decreased with increased seroprevalence. Both cELISA kits showed high specificity (> 90%) and low sensitivity (less than 78.1%) compared with MNT. Sensitivity was lower for sera with neutralising antibodies titres below 140, suggesting that sensitivity of these tests varied with local virus circulation intensity.CONCLUSIONS:
Our results highlight that cattle were highly exposed to TBEV. Screening strategy and serological tests should be carefully chosen according to the purpose of the serological study and with regard to the limitations of each method.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Cattle Diseases
/
Encephalitis, Tick-Borne
/
Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne
/
Antibodies, Viral
Limits:
Animals
Country/Region as subject:
Europa
Language:
En
Journal:
BMC Vet Res
Journal subject:
MEDICINA VETERINARIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
France