Antiepileptic Medication-induced Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions in Hospitalized Children: A Retrospective Study.
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol
; 23(2): 139-148, 2024 Apr 07.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38822509
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
There are limited data on severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) associated with antiepileptic medications. The current study aims to investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of antiepileptic medication-induced SCARs in hospitalized children. MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
The current five-year retrospective study was conducted at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. This study included all children with a definite diagnosis of SCARs secondary to the use of antiepileptic medications based on the world health organization (WHO) definition. In our study SCARs were categorized into three fields Hypersensitivity syndrome, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN).RESULTS:
Among 259 children with SCARs induced by antiepileptic medications, 199 (76.83%), 42 (16.22%), and 18 (6.95%) had hypersensitivity syndrome, DRESS, and SJS/TEN, respectively. Phenobarbital was the most common offending drug in all types of SCARs. The multinomial logistic regression model revealed that lymphadenopathy increased the occurrence of DRESS by 35 times compared to hypersensitivity syndrome (P < 0.001). Girls were at risk of SJS/TEN approximately 6 times more than boys (P = 0.027). Age (P = 0.021), weight (P = 0.036), and mucosal involvement (P < 0.001) affected the hospitalization duration in children with SCARs related to antiepileptic medication.CONCLUSION:
There are some similarities and differences in the clinical and epidemiological features of Iranian children suffering from antiepileptic medication-induced SCARs.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
/
Anticonvulsants
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
Asia
Language:
En
Journal:
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol
Journal subject:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Iran