Association of adverse childhood experiences with dietary patterns of school-age children: evidence from the birth cohort Generation XXI.
Am J Clin Nutr
; 120(2): 328-335, 2024 Aug.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38857694
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have been associated with health-risk behaviors and several chronic diseases in adulthood. However, the relationship between exposure to ACEs and dietary patterns at school age is unknown.OBJECTIVES:
To investigate the association between ACEs and dietary patterns of 10-year-olds.METHODS:
The study included 5034 children from the Generation XXI cohort, recruited in 2005/2006 in Porto, Portugal. ACEs were assessed through a self-administered questionnaire covering the first 10 years (y) of life, quantified and grouped into 5 dimensions "abuse," "school problems," "death/severe disease," "life changes," and "household dysfunction." Dietary patterns were identified by latent class analysis using data collected with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Five dietary patterns were studied "low consumption," "energy-dense foods," "snacking," "intermediate consumption," and "healthier" (used as reference). Multinomial regression analyses were conducted, adjusted for the child's sex, household income, family structure, and mother's age [odds ratio (OR) and 99% confidence intervals (CIs)].RESULTS:
Most children were exposed to ≥1 ACE (96%), and â¼27% had reported 6 or more ACEs throughout life. Those reporting 4-5 and ≥6 ACEs were more likely to follow the "Energy-dense foods" dietary pattern compared with those with no ACEs (OR 2.41; 99% CI 1.00, 5.77 and OR 2.65; 99% CI 1.10, 6.39, respectively). Children exposed to "abuse" in the first 10 y showed 28% higher odds of following the "low consumption" dietary pattern when compared to children with no reported ACEs and using the "healthier" dietary pattern as a reference (OR 1.28; 99% CI 1.00, 1.63).CONCLUSIONS:
Exposure to ACEs was associated with less healthy dietary patterns in school-aged children. Results suggest a cumulative effect of the adverse experiences resulting in a dietary pattern higher in energy-dense foods. Children with ACEs reported under the dimension of "abuse" seemed to have reduced food consumption.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Adverse Childhood Experiences
/
Dietary Patterns
Limits:
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
Europa
Language:
En
Journal:
Am J Clin Nutr
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Portugal
Country of publication:
United States