Prevalence and Severity of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

ABSTRACT

Background The ability to perceive sound is crucial for effective communication and environmental awareness. This study aimed to assess sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in patients with both diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN). Materials and methods A total of 120 participants of both genders were divided into three groups Group I consisted of diabetic patients (n=40, 22 males and 18 females), Group II included hypertensive individuals (n=40, 16 males and 24 females), and Group III served as controls (n=40, 15 males and 25 females). General ear examinations, including otoscopy, were conducted. Hearing function and the degree, pattern, and configuration of hearing loss were assessed using general ear examinations and pure tone audiometry. Results Normal hearing was observed in 25% of Group I, 26% of Group II, and 85% of Group III. Mild hearing loss was evident in 75% of Group I, 50% of Group II, and 15% of Group III, while moderate hearing loss was observed in 24% of Group II. These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Diabetic and hypertensive individuals demonstrated a higher hearing loss prevalence than healthy controls.