Single and mixture exposure to atrazine and ciprofloxacin on Clarias gariepinus antioxidant defense status, hepatic condition and immune response.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol
; 110: 104523, 2024 Sep.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39089401
ABSTRACT
Atrazine (ATRA) and ciprofloxacin (CPRO) are widely detected, persistent and co-existing aquatic pollutants. This study investigated effects of 14-day single and joint ATRA and CPRO exposure on juvenile Clarias gariepinus. Standard bioassay methods were used to determine responses of oxidative stress, hepatic condition, and immunological biomarkers on days 7 and 14. Seven groups were used Control, CPROEC, CPROSubl, ATRAEC, ATRASubl, CPROEC+ATRAEC, and CPROSubl+ATRASubl. The test substances caused decreased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Lipid peroxidation was elevated, especially in CPRO-ATRA mixtures. Serum aminotransferases (ALT, and AST), and alkaline phosphatase activity increased significantly. Total protein, albumin, total immunoglobulin, and respiratory burst decreased significantly. Therefore, single and joint exposure to CPRO and ATRA poses adverse consequences on aquatic life.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Atrazine
/
Superoxide Dismutase
/
Water Pollutants, Chemical
/
Catfishes
/
Ciprofloxacin
/
Liver
Limits:
Animals
Language:
En
Journal:
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Country of publication:
Netherlands