Blunted Melatonin Circadian Rhythm in Parkinson's Disease: Express Bewilderment.
Neurotox Res
; 42(5): 38, 2024 Aug 23.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39177895
ABSTRACT
Melatonin (MTN) is a neuro-hormone released from the pineal gland. MTN secretion is regulated by different neuronal circuits, including the retinohypothalamic tract and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which are affected by light. MTN is neuroprotective in various neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). MTN circulating level is highly blunted in PD. However, the underlying causes were not fully clarified. Thus, the present review aims to discuss the potential causes of blunted MTN levels in PD. Distortion of MTN circadian rhythmicity in PD patients causies extreme daytime sleepiness. The underlying mechanism for blunted MTN response may be due to reduction for light exposure, impairment of retinal light transmission, degeneration of circadian pacemaker and dysautonomia. In conclusion, degeneration of SCN and associated neurodegeneration together with neuroinflammation and activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome, induce dysregulation of MTN secretion. Therefore, low serum MTN level reflects PD severity and could be potential biomarkers. Preclinical and clinical studies are suggested to clarify the underlying causes of low MTN in PD.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Parkinson Disease
/
Circadian Rhythm
/
Melatonin
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Neurotox Res
Journal subject:
NEUROLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Publication country:
EEUU
/
ESTADOS UNIDOS
/
ESTADOS UNIDOS DA AMERICA
/
EUA
/
UNITED STATES
/
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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US
/
USA