Negative global metacognitive biases are associated with depressive and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and improve with targeted or game-based cognitive training.
Neuropsychology
; 38(7): 622-636, 2024 Oct.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39207438
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
Metacognition is disrupted in several clinical populations. One aspect of metacognition, global metacognitive bias (difference between objective and self-reported abilities), has shown to be particularly relevant to clinical functioning. However, previous studies of global metacognitive biases in populations with elevated depressive/posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms have not measured objective and self-reported abilities relative to normative samples, limiting the quantification of biases. Additionally, few studies have examined whether cognitive interventions can improve metacognitive biases or how this relates to depressive/PTSD symptom severity.METHOD:
A total of 84 participants with mild traumatic brain injury (77% veterans) performed PTSD and depression assessments along with self-reported and objective measures of global cognition. Age-adjusted norm-based z scores were used for self-reported and objective cognition, and bias was calculated by subtracting objective minus self-report scores. Participants then received 13 weeks of targeted cognitive training or entertainment games training (both providing performance feedback). Participants were assessed at baseline, immediately posttraining, and 3 months posttraining.RESULTS:
We found large negative metacognitive biases in those with clinically significant severity of depressive symptoms (z score difference = -1.77), PTSD symptoms (-1.47), and depressive + PTSD symptoms (-2.29). Metacognitive biases improved after both targeted and entertainment training and was associated with reductions in depressive/PTSD symptom severity (r = -.41/-.42, respectively), led by the entertainment training group (r = -.54/-.46, respectively).CONCLUSIONS:
These findings show that clinically significant severity of depressive/PTSD symptoms is associated with substantial negative global metacognitive biases and preliminarily suggests that cognitive training may improve these biases and depressive/PTSD symptom severity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
/
Depression
/
Metacognition
Limits:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Language:
En
Journal:
Neuropsychology
Journal subject:
NEUROLOGIA
/
PSICOLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Country of publication:
United States