Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells alter gut microbiota and improve neuroinflammation and motor impairment in rats with mild liver damage.
Neurotherapeutics
; : e00445, 2024 Sep 05.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39242290
ABSTRACT
Gut microbiota perturbation and motor dysfunction have been reported in steatosis patients. Rats with mild liver damage (MLD) show motor dysfunction mediated by neuroinflammation and altered GABAergic neurotransmission in the cerebellum. The extracellular vesicles (EV) from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have emerged as a promising therapeutic proxy whose molecular basis relies partly upon TGFß action. This study aimed to assess if MSC-EVs improve motor dysfunction in rats with mild liver damage and analyze underlying mechanisms, including the role of TGFß, cerebellar neuroinflammation and gut microbiota. MLD in rats was induced by carbon tetrachloride administration and EVs from normal (C-EVs) or TGFß-siRNA treated MSCs (T-EV) were injected. Motor coordination, locomotor gait, neuroinflammation and TNF-α-activated pathways modulating GABAergic neurotransmission in the cerebellum, microbiota composition in feces and microbial-derived metabolites in plasma were analyzed. C-EVs reduced glial and TNFα-P2X4-BDNF-TrkB pathway activation restoring GABAergic neurotransmission in the cerebellum and improving motor coordination and all the altered gait parameters. T-EVs also improved motor coordination and some gait parameters, but the mechanisms involved differed from those of C-EVs. MLD rats showed increased content of some Bacteroides species in feces, correlating with decreased kynurenine aside from motor alterations. These alterations were all normalized by C-EVs, whereas T-EVs only restored kynurenine levels. Our results support the value of MSC-EVs on improving motor dysfunction in MLD and unveil a possible mechanism by which altered microbiota may contribute to neuroinflammation and motor impairment. Some of the underlying mechanisms are TGFß-dependent.
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Language:
En
Journal:
Neurotherapeutics
Journal subject:
NEUROLOGIA
Year:
2024
Document type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Spain
Country of publication:
United States