A Rare Case of Left Ventricular Thrombus in a Normal Heart in a Patient With Factor V Leiden Disease.

ABSTRACT

Left ventricular thrombus (LVT) is mostly associated with anterior wall myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction. It can also be associated with cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, and hypercoagulable states such as cancer, antiphospholipid syndrome, and protein C or protein S deficiency. Factor V Leiden (FVL) disease is one of the hypercoagulable states where mutant factor V is insensitive to natural anticoagulation factor protein C, and FVL disease increases the risk of peripheral thromboembolism such as pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). We report a 60-year-old female patient with a history of heterozygous factor V Leiden and a remote history of deep vein thrombosis who presented with left-sided weakness and intermittent chest pain. Computed tomography (CT) of the brain ruled out stroke, electrocardiogram (EKG) showed sinus rhythm and some new T-wave inversion, and troponin was mildly elevated. Other laboratory results were unremarkable. A transthoracic echocardiogram showed a left ventricular mass with left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction in systole with normal systolic and diastolic function and no wall motion abnormalities. Emergent surgery proved to be a thrombus. The learning objectives of our case are that a normal-sized and functional left ventricle does not preclude left ventricular thrombosis, long-term anticoagulation therapy in patients with factor V Leiden and a first episode of thromboembolism with additional risk factors may prevent further serious thromboembolic event, and timely diagnosis and treatment of cardiac thrombosis may reduce morbidity and mortality.