Changes in liver and kidney following treatment with diclofenac sodium in osteoporotic fracture rats: A histological verification

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

The pain caused by osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture is usually treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in clinic, which has been reported that dysfunction of liver and kidney will follow the use, but what has happened in the tissue of liver and kidney is not reported.

To study the effect of NSAIDs on the tissue of liver and kidney in osteoporotic fracture rats. DESIGN, TIME AND

Randomized controlled animal experiment. The experiment was completed in the Animal Experiment Center in Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2007 to February 2008.MATERIALS A total of 24 female SD rats, 8-month-old, weighing 300-320 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups, saline group,diclofenac sodium (fracture before medicine) group and diclofenac sodium (fracture after medicine) group, with 8 rats in each group.

The rats were housed for 3 months after ovariectomized to establish osteoporosis models. Rats in the saline group and diclofenac sodium (fracture before medicine) group were administrated saline and diclofenac sodium after transverse osteotomy at the middle shaft of bilateral femur respectively; in the diclofenac sodium (fracture after medicine) group were femur.MAIN OUTCOME

The histological observation of liver and kidney was performed at weeks 2, 3, 4 and 6 after fracture.

In the diclofenac sodium (fracture before medicine) group, diclofenec sodium caused the inflammatory response at glomeruli, which exhibited expansion of tubular lumen, edema of epithelial cells, disappeared cell nuclei, degeneration and necrosis of renal tubule, cell debris and drugs crystals accumulated in the tubular lumen, congestion and inflammatory cell infiltration of renal interstitium. Administrating diclofenac sodium may cause the inflammatory response at portal area, indistinct structure of hepatic Iobule, hepatic cells edema, steatosis and necrosis. Administrating diclofenac sodium before osteoporotic fracture also resulted in tissue lesions in kidney and liver, the damage would continue about 3 weeks.

The diclofenac sodium cause histological lesions of kidney and liver in osteoporotic rats, especially in kidney. The histological lesions of kidney and liver are inreversible after administrating diclofenac sodium for a long time.