Characteristics and manufacturing techniques of collagen/inorganic materials for constructing tissue-engineered bone / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: At present, the standard method for clinical treatment of bone defects is autologous bone transplantation. However, the source of autologous bone is limited and it can cause new trauma and defects. Therefore, the development of ergonomic tissue-engineered bone has become the trend of repairing bone defects. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the characteristics and manufacturing techniques of collagen/inorganic materials to construct tissue-engineered bone. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science (January 2000–January 2020) and CNKI (2010–2020) databases were used online to retrieve the relative articles regarding the application of collagen/inorganic composite scaffold. The key words were “collagen; inorganic materials; tissue-engineered bone; bone repair; geometry of bone scaffold” in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Applying the principle of bionics, collagen composite inorganic materials were used to construct tissue-engineered bones by simulating the composition, structure, and characteristics of natural bones, which is an important direction in the field of bone graft materials. Collagen provides the extracellular matrix effect of the scaffold material, and promotes the migration, adhesion, and proliferation of cells on the scaffold, and accelerates the degradation of the scaffold in the body, and makes the composite scaffold has good biocompatibility and osteoinductivity. Choosing a suitable manufacturing technology to change the geometry of the collagen/inorganic material scaffold, and achieving the best three-dimensional porous nanoscale structure can promote cell adhesion and proliferation, and enhance the bone regeneration capacity of collagen/inorganic material scaffolds. Simultaneously, the surface of collagen/inorganic scaffolds is modified. Stem cells, biological factors, and polymers with osteogenic or angiogenic potential were compounded onto collagen/inorganic material scaffolds, which will improve the poor mechanical properties, insufficient structural stability, and limited bone regeneration capacity of collagen/inorganic material scaffolds. This provides a good idea for the option of tissue-engineered bone graft materials.