Merkel cell carcinoma: epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of a rare disease
An. bras. dermatol
; 98(3): 277-286, May-June 2023. tab, graf
Article
en En
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LILACS-Express
| LILACS
| ID: biblio-1439212
Biblioteca responsable:
BR1.1
ABSTRACT
Abstract Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare skin cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation. The risk factors include sun exposure, advanced age, immunosuppression (such as transplant recipients, patients with lymphoproliferative neoplasms, or patients with HIV), and Merkel cell polyomavirus infection. Clinically, Merkel cell carcinoma appears as a cutaneous or subcutaneous plaque or nodule, but this tumor diagnosis is rarely made clinically. Therefore, histopathology and immunohistochemistry are usually necessary. Primary tumors without evidence of metastases are treated with complete surgical excision and appropriate surgical margins. The presence of occult metastasis in a lymph node is frequent and a sentinel lymph node biopsy should be performed. Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy increases local tumor control. Recently, agents that block the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have shown objective and durable tumor regression in patients with advanced solid malignancies. The first anti-PD-L1 antibody used in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma was avelumab, but pembrolizumab and nivolumab have also shown efficacy. This article describes the current state of knowledge of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and staging of Merkel cell carcinoma, as well as new strategies for its systemic treatment.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
LILACS
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
/
Screening_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
An. bras. dermatol
Asunto de la revista:
DERMATOLOGIA
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Brasil
Pais de publicación:
Brasil