Respuesta terapéutica del HeberFERON® en pacientes con carcinoma basocelular y su asociación con la COVID-19

RESUMEN

Introducción: El carcinoma basocelular constituye uno de los tipos de cáncer cutáneo de mayor incidencia. El uso del HeberFERON® ha demostrado una efectiva respuesta clínica. Objetivo: Evaluar la respuesta del HeberFERON® en pacientes con carcinoma basocelular asociado a la COVID-19, y su comportamiento en pacientes con igual diagnóstico dermatológico sin tratamiento previo con dicho fármaco, atendidos con cirugía. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo y retrospectivo en un universo de 184 pacientes adultos con carcinoma basocelular. Se analizaron las variables edad, sexo, fototipo de piel, comorbilidades asociadas, infección con SARS-CoV-2 asociada con tratamiento previo con HeberFERON® o cirugía; tiempo entre tratamiento recibido y padecimiento de COVID-19, y severidad de los síntomas. Los resultados se expresan en tablas. Resultados: Se estudiaron 94 pacientes tratados con HeberFERON® para el carcinoma basocelular, y 90 pacientes tratados con cirugía. Predominaron los masculinos, mayores de 60 años, fototipo de piel II-III, con comorbilidades cardiovasculares. De ellos, 24 (25,5 %) resultaron positivos a la COVID-19, y el 83,3 % desarrollaron síntomas leves. De los tratados con cirugía para el carcinoma basocelular, 61 resultaron positivos a la COVID-19 (67,7 %), y el 55,7 % tuvo sintomatología severa. Durante el ciclo de tratamiento con HeberFERON para el carcinoma basocelular, el 66,7 % enfermó con COVID-19 entre las 16 y 32 semanas. Posterior a las 32 semanas, se reportó un fallecido. Conclusiones: Los pacientes tratados con cirugía sin previo HeberFERON tuvieron más contagios con COVID-19, predominando los decesos asociados a ello, siendo menor en los que lo recibieron. De los tratados previamente con HeberFERON® para el carcinoma basocelular, el 74,5 % no enfermó de COVID-19, a pesar de haber sido el 52,8 % contactos de positivos al SARS-CoV-2.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma is one of the types of skin cancer with the highest incidence. The use of HeberFERON® has shown an effective clinical response. Objective: To evaluate the response of HeberFERON® in patients with BCC associated with COVID-19 and its behavior in patients with the same dermatological diagnosis without previous treatment with that drug, treated with surgery. Materials and methods: A descriptive and retrospective observational study was conducted in a universe of 184 adult patients with basal cell carcinoma. The variables analyzed were age, sex, skin phototype, associated comorbidities, SARS-CoV-2 infection, associated to previously treatment with HeberFERON® or surgery; time between treatment received and suffering from COVID-19; severity of symptoms. The results were expressed in tables. Results: 94 patients were treated with HeberFERON® for basal cell carcinoma, and 90 were treated with surgery. There was a predominance of male patients, aged over 60 years, skin phototype II-III, with cardiovascular morbidities. Of them, 24 (25.5%) were positive to COVID-19 (67.7%), and 83.3% developed mild symptoms. Of those treated with surgery for basal cell carcinoma, 61 were positive to COVID-19 (67,7%), and 55.7% had severe symptoms. During the HeberFERON® treatment cycle for basal cell carcinoma, 66.7% became ill with COVID-19 between 16 and 32 weeks. After 32 weeks one deceased was reported. Conclusions: Patients treated with surgery without prior HeberFERON® had more infections with Covid-19, the deaths associated with it predominating, being less in those who received it. Of those previously treated with HeberFERON® for basal cell carcinoma, 74.5% did not become ill with COVID-19, despite having been 52.8% contacts to SARS-CoV-2 positive people.