Tratamiento del dolor en el anciano: opioides y adyuvantes / Drug treatment invasive joint in osteoarthritis

RESUMEN

En pacientes seleccionados, los opioides pueden proporcionar una adecuada analgesia en el marco de un abordaje integral. Se ha revisado la utilización de opioides fuertes en ancianos con dolor oncológico o no oncológico. Se ha demostrado eficacia en dolor músculo-esquelético a corto plazo y algunos tipos de dolor neuropático. No obstante, no se dispone de datos sobre eficacia y seguridad a largo plazo. Aunque los antidepresivos tricíclicos son eficaces para el dolor neuropático, sus efectos anticolinérgicos suponen un problema para el anciano. Antiepilépticos como gabapentina y pregabalina son eficaces para el dolor neuropático y mejor tolerados. La administración tópica de algunos fármacos mejora la tolerabilidad de los mismos (AU)

ABSTRACT

There is a small number of primary studies relating to opioid use in older people. In carefully selected and monitored patients, opioids may provide effective pain relief as part of comprehensive pain management strategy. Use of strong opioids in the management of chronic, severe cancer and non-cancer pain in older people has been reviewed. Studies have demonstrated short-term efficacy in persistent musculoskeletal pain and various neuropathic pains. However, longer-term efficacy and safety data are lacking. Some adjuvant drugs should be considered for older people with neuropathic. Although tricyclic antidepressants have good efficacy, anticholinergic side effects are often problematic for older people. Anti-epileptic drugs such asgabapentin or pregabalin, are effective for neuropathic pain and are probably better tolerated. Topical administration may have improved tolerability than other routes of administration and may be preferable for elderly (AU)