Encuesta sobre el impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 en el consumo de medicamentos, drogas recreativas y bebidas alcohólicas en Argentina / Survey on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the consumption of medicines, recreational drugs and alcoholic beverages in Argentina

ABSTRACT

Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate the behavior in the use of medicines, recreational drugs and the consumption of alcoholic beverages in the Argentine population during the course of the ASPO (Social, Preventive and Mandatory Isolation) due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: An online survey was designed ad hoc and was available between June 28 and July 9, 2020 through Surveymonkey© and was disseminated through social networks. Univariate and bivariate analyzes were performed.Results: 43.6% of the 2,906 participants reported using medications for chronic diseases. A significant difference (p= .000) was observed in the decrease in consumption between those who were treated in public health care providers (17.9%) and those who did it in private medicine (7.2%). Likewise, a significant difference was found in the decrease in access by the area of residence (p =.031), being lower in the City of Buenos Aires (6.8%) than in the rest of the national territory (10.6%). Of the total of individuals surveyed, 38.3% reported having self-medicated during the ASPO, of these 59.3% did not alter their self-medication routine, 15% decreased their consumption and 25.7% increased it.23.9% of the sample reported consuming recreational drugs. 47.8% of users reported having increased consumption. Likewise, 66.3% reported drinking alcohol regularly, and of these, 40.1% increased their consumption.Conclusions: It is important to continue the care of chronic diseases, mental health and substance use. In particular, strengthening the public health system and the provinces. (AU)

RESUMEN

Objetivos: El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el comportamiento en el uso de medicamentos, drogas recreativas y el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas en la población argentina durante el transcurso del ASPO (Aislamiento Social, Preventivo y Obligatorio) por la pandemia de la Covid-19.Métodos: Se diseñó ad hoc una encuesta on-line disponible entre el 28 de junio y el 9 de julio del 2020 mediante Surveymonkey© difundida por redes sociales. Se realizaron análisis univariados y bivariados.Resultados: El 43,6% de los 2.906 participantes reportó utilizar medicamentos para enfermedades crónicas. Se observó una diferencia significativa (p=,000) en la disminución del consumo entre quienes se atienden en efectores públicos (17,9%) y quiénes lo hacen en la medicina privada (7,2%). Asimismo, se encontró una diferencia significativa en la disminución del acceso por la zona de residencia (p=,031), siendo menor en Ciudad de Buenos Aires (6,8%) que en el resto del territorio nacional (10,6%). Del total de individuos encuestados, el 38,3% refiere haberse automedicado durante el ASPO, de estos el 59,3% no alteró su rutina de auto-medicación, el 15% disminuyó su consumo y el 25,7% lo aumentó.El 23,9% de la muestra manifestó consumir drogas recreativas. El 47,8% de los usuarios informó haber aumentado el consumo. Asimismo, el 66,3% informó tomar alcohol regularmente, y de éstos, el 40,1% aumentó su consumo.Conclusiones: Es importante continuar la atención de las enfermedades crónicas, la salud mental y el uso de sustancias. En particular reforzando el sistema público de salud y del interior del país. (AU)