Differentiated health problems according to gender among adolescents reporting sexual or physical assault

ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: Gender studies previously enlightened our research. Gender differences among traumatized adolescents remain understudied. We hypothesized that comparing health problems between adolescents reporting physical assault and adolescents reporting sexual assault could show a gender difference and could help to identify risks.MethodsIn our 1993 cross-sectional epidemiological representative survey of adolescents in France – 14 278 enrolled in the school system, and 3005 who had left school – we selected the 5893 adolescents in the 16–20 age span, and extracted the sub-sample of 1324 who reported sexual or physical assaults (23%). The symptoms noted were not necessarily a consequence of the assault, but they clearly captured health states in these groups.ResultsThe rate of sexual assault reports by adolescents who left the school system (9.4%) was higher than in the other group (4.2%, p < 0.001). The symptoms selected for the comparisons sexual / physical were chosen because they were significantly more frequent (p < 0.001) among adolescents reporting assault compared to non-assaulted adolescents. For each gender and each type of assault, these symptoms were explored using logistic regressions, adjusting age and schooling status (being inside or outside the school system): among boys, health problems seem more salient when the assault report was sexual rather than physical (e.g. suicide attempts: OR = 3.9, 95%CI = [1.9–8.0]); in contrast, among girls, the two groups seem equally affected.ConclusionThis gender study highlights the risk of suicide among assaulted adolescents. Sexually assaulted boys require care, including suicide prevention, even though they seem to cope effectively with physical assault. (AU)