The incidence, risk factors, and clinical manifestations of hyponatremia in marathon runners.
Clin J Sport Med
; 13(1): 41-7, 2003 Jan.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-12544163
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To report on the incidence, identify the risk factors, and clarify the clinical manifestations of acute hyponatremia in marathon runners.DESIGN:
An observational and retrospective case-controlled series.SETTING:
The medical care area of the 2000 Houston Marathon. PATIENTS Marathon finishers treated in medical area receiving intravenous fluids (N=55), including a more detailed analysis of 39 runners completing a retrospective questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOMEMEASURES:
Vital signs, serum electrolytes, and finish time were analyzed via ANOVA studies between all non-hyponatremic (NH N=34)) and hyponatremic (H N=21)) runners. Fluid intake, training variables, NSAID use, and Symptomatology were further analyzed to delineate all significant differences between groups.RESULTS:
There were no significant differences in vital signs, training variables, or NSAID use between H and NH groups, although there was a trend towards the less experienced runners presenting with lower post-race sodium levels. H runners had lower potassium [K] (p=.04), chloride [Cl] (p<.001), and blood urea nitrogen [BUN] (p=.004) levels than NH runners. There was a significant inverse linear relationship between both finish time versus [Na] (r2 =.51) and total amount of fluid ingested versus [Na] (r2 =.39). The total cups of water (p=.004), electrolyte/carbohydrate solution (p=.005) and total amount of fluid ingested (p<.001) were significantly higher in H compared to NH runners and the degree of hyponatremia was related in a dose dependent manner. Vomiting was observed more frequently in H than NH runners (p=.03).CONCLUSION:
21 runners presented to the medical area of the Houston Marathon with hyponatremia (.31% of entrants). Excessive fluid consumption and longer finishing times were the primary risk factors for developing this condition. Vomiting was the only clinical sign differentiating hyponatremia from other conditions that induce exercise-associated collapse.
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Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Resistencia Física
/
Carrera
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Hiponatremia
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
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Etiology_studies
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Incidence_studies
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Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin J Sport Med
Asunto de la revista:
MEDICINA ESPORTIVA
Año:
2003
Tipo del documento:
Article