Pyrrolidinedione derivatives as antibacterial agents with a novel mode of action.

The pseudopeptide pyrrolidinedione natural products moiramide B and andrimid represent a new class of antibiotics that target bacterial fatty acid biosynthesis. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies revealed a high degree of variability for the fatty acid side chain, allowing optimization of physicochemical parameters, and a restricted SAR for the pyrrolidinedione group, indicating major relevance of this subunit for efficient target binding.