Transanal rectocele repair using EndoGIA: short-term results of a prospective study.

BACKGROUND: The surgical treatment of symptomatic rectocele may be carried out by means of endorectal techniques. Results depend on a correct etiologic evaluation of associated diseases. We report the preliminary results of an original endorectal technique applied to selected patients. METHODS: Fifteen women (median age, 57 years; range, 38-73 years) underwent transanal rectocele resection by a 60 mm endo-GIA and subsequent plication of the anterior rectal wall. All patients had a primary isolated anterior medium sublevator rectocele with obstructed defecation symptoms. They were prospectively evaluated by questionnaire, defecation diary, clinical examination, defecography and anal manometry were performed preoperatively. All patients had less than three weekly bowel motions. Postoperative follow-up included clinical examination and symptoms questionnaire with defecation diary at one week, one month and three months; defecography was performed at three months. RESULTS: The time required to repair the rectocele was approximately 20 min. The mean time spent in hospital after the operation was 37 h. Postoperative pain was low or moderate in all cases, one patient had acute urinary retention, 11 had minor rectal bleeding, and 5 had temporary urgency. Abolition of excessive straining, feeling of incomplete evacuation, enemas and self-digitations was achieved in all patients; stool frequency at three months was 7 per week in 10 patients, 5-6 per week in 3 patients and 4-6 in 2 patients (p<0.001). Defecography at three months did not show any rectocele recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Transanal rectocele repair with linear stapler applied in selected patients is safe and easy to perform. Short-term results are safisfactory. Complete investigations of impaired defecation and selection of patients are needed to achieve satisfactory results.