The effect of 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine on the development of cyclosporin-induced acute renal failure.

The effect of the selective A1-adenosine receptor antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (CPX, 0.1 mg kg-1 i.v.) administered twice daily to rats has been assessed on the development of renal dysfunction induced by four daily injections of cyclosporin (60 mg kg-1 i.p.). The series of cyclosporin injections resulted in a polyuria accompanied by a 64-70% increase in plasma urea and creatinine concentrations and a 50% reduction in inulin clearance. However, cyclosporin administration resulted in no change in p-aminohippurate clearance nor was there any evidence of tubular necrosis or vascular damage. CPX treatment did not improve any index of renal function perturbed by cyclosporin. The findings provide evidence that adenosine does not play a role in the pathophysiology of cyclosporin nephrotoxicity.