[The role of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in angiogenesis]. / Rola metaloproteaz macierzy i ich tkankowych inhibitorów w angiogenezie.

Cellular aspect of angiogenesis - the multilevel process involving the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels--includes migration and proliferation of the cells as well as remodelling of their environment--extracellular matrix (ECM). The key role in ECM remodelling is played by proteolytic enzymes classified as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Recent research shows that performed by MMPs degradation of vascular ECM components is a significant event ocurring during angiogenesis. This process enables migration of endothelial cells that is crucial part in new vessel formation. MMPs also release sequestered angiogenic molecules, such as VEGF, bFGF and TGF-beta. Angiogenesis is a normal process in growth and development, as well as in wound healing, monthly reproductive cycle and during pregnancy. However, this is also a fundamental step in such conditions as malignancies, inflammation or ischaemia. The influence of MMPs on agiogenesis as terminal agents in many physio- and pathological events makes this group of enzymes very promissing aim of new therapeutic strategies based on modulation of angiogenesis.