[Evaluation of vaccine coverage in children from 2 to 4 years old in South-Eastern France]. / Estimation de la couverture vaccinale des enfants âgés de 2 à 4 ans en région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have evaluated vaccination coverage in early childhood in South-Eastern France and spatial and social factors associated to it. POPULATION AND METHODS: We carried out a study in children aged 3.5-4.5 years and attending 112 nursery schools randomly selected in South-Eastern France. Data were collected in 2002-2003 during a mandatory health assessment by physicians and nurses of the services of maternal and infant protection, who completed a new questionnaire developed to standardise these examinations in the whole region. RESULTS: Among the 2959 selected children, 2460 (83.1%) could be included in the study; out of them, 96.4% had been vaccinated against diphtheria and tetanus, 95.0% against poliomyelitis, 92.8% against pertussis, 89.3% against haemophilus influenzae type b and 96.5% against tuberculosis. Vaccination rates at the age of 18 months including the first booster were less important than vaccination rates for children aged 3.5-4.5 years. Only 24.3% of the children had been vaccinated against hepatitis B and 86.4% against measles-mumps-rubella. Vaccination rates at the age of 2, were significantly higher on the basis of the health certificates of the 24th month (CS24) than on the basis of our study. Vaccination rates were highest in urban areas and those with educational priority. CONCLUSION: Vaccination rates at the age of 3.5-4.5 years are satisfying but rates for the first booster should be improved. Vaccination rates against hepatitis B were low when those against MMR do not reach the WHO recommended level of 95.0%. Our results suggest that the analysis of data from the CS24 overestimates the real vaccination coverage at this age in South-Eastern France.