[Interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy and postpartum. Modalities, efficacy, introduction to motivational interviewing and social-cognitive models for behaviour changes]. / Interventionen gegen das tabakrauchen in der schwangerschaft und post partum. Modalitäten, wirksamkeit, einführung in die Motivierende Gesprächsführung und sozial-kognitive Modelle zur Verhaltensänderung.

BACKGROUND: Interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy are effective. But the effects are small. Cognitive-behavioural approaches and social support are more efficacious. Interventions for relapse prevention postpone relapse for six months. METHODS: Motivational interviewing serves as a practical basis for interventions. Social-cognitive models serve as basis to plan interventions. RESULTS: Our own results may be summarised as follows: 1) smoking in pregnancy and postpartum has a high priority with paediatricians and midwives; 2) also after delivery women express an interest in being counselled; 3) interventions increase the proportions of newly abstinent women and postpone relapse. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of such interventions are small and diminish between six and twelve months postpartum. With respect to population impact, it may be assumed that implementation in routine care will show sustained effects at the population level.