[Defense of the nation contrary to prosperity of the discipline: military engagement and institutionalization of psychology in Canada]. / Défense de la nation contre prospérité de la discipline: engagement militaire et institutionnalisation de la psychologie au Canada.

This article contributes to our knowledge about the rise of the social and human sciences through an examination of military uses of psychology in Canada and this field sensibility to external demand. The national crisis caused by World War II and the Cold War were perceived by psychologists as sizeable opportunities to promote psychological expertise outside academe and to strengthen the social authority of their discipline and profession. By the way of military patronage and psychological contribution to National defense, psychological expertise then gained new symbolic and material resources. Does it mean that this field exogeneity undermine its disciplinary practices or knowledge production? It is said that this is an empirical question that bears no univocal answers.