Phosphorus budget in the low-income, peri-urban area of Kibera in Nairobi (Kenya).
Water Sci Technol
; 60(10): 2669-76, 2009.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-19923773
ABSTRACT
Kibera, located in Nairobi, Kenya is one of the largest (235,000 inhabitants) low-income areas in East Africa. Surface waters in Kibera show high pollution levels with respect to SRP (soluble reactive phosphorus; range 2-10 mg P/L), coming from the uncontrolled wastewater discharges in the area. The different P production and consumption values in Kibera were estimated using interviews (155 interviewed) as well as detailed P house-keeping for five representative families. The results show that highest P consumption comes from food, in particular cereals. Highest P production came from urine (55% of the total) and faeces (31%), with relatively lower contributions from grey water and solid wastes. The overall P budget in Kibera amounted to around 9 x 10(3) kg P/month. This is equivalent to 0.47 g P/person yr, both for P production and consumption, with a relative error of 20%. Comparing with the estimated P outflows via the Kibera surface waters, around 65% of the P produced in Kibera will leave the area. In future ECOSAN techniques such as urine separation could well be applied for efficient recycling of these waste sources.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Fósforo
/
Contaminantes Químicos del Agua
/
Agua
Tipo de estudio:
Health_economic_evaluation
Aspecto:
Determinantes_sociais_saude
/
Equity_inequality
Límite:
Humans
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Water Sci Technol
Asunto de la revista:
SAUDE AMBIENTAL
/
TOXICOLOGIA
Año:
2009
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Países Bajos