BALB/cAn B cells and T cells have distinct susceptibilities to cytotoxic effects of snake venom.

ABSTRACT

Previous studies have analyzed abilities of snake venoms to preferentially kill certain animal cells. Some studies have examined selective cytotoxic effects of snake venoms on B and T lymphocytes, but few studies have determined abilities of snake venoms to interact with B and T cells at distinct stages of cellular development. Thus, this study has analyzed susceptibilities of immature and mature BALB/cAn splenic B cells and T cells to cytotoxic effects of crude venoms of snakes belonging to the families of Crotalidae, Elapidae, and Viperidae. Both mitogen-stimulated and unstimulated BALB/cAn Ig- splenic T cells are sensitive to cytotoxic effects of snake venoms whereas mitogen-stimulated but not unstimulated Ig+ splenic B lymphocytes are sensitive to snake venoms. We also find that BALB/cAn myelomas but not B cell lymphomas are sensitive to cytotoxic effects of snake venoms. In addition, plaque forming cells making IgG1 subclass in BALB/cAn mitogen-stimulated spleens and in myelomas are preferentially killed by venom of pit viper Bothrops asper. Thus, the cytotoxic effects of crude snake venoms can distinguish BALB/cAn PFC making IgG1 subclass from other B and T cells.