Temperature-dependent feedback inhibition of photosynthesis in peanut.

ABSTRACT

Arachis hypogaea L. is a tropical crop that is slow-growing at temperatures below 25°C. Unadapted CO2-assimilation rate (A) showed insufficient variation between 15 and 30°C in the short term (hours) to explain this marked reduction in growth. However, at longer periods (12 d), A was depressed as were growth rate and leafproduction rate. To examine the possible relationship between growth, A and sink demand plants were transferred from 30°C, which is near the optimum for growth, to a suboptimal temperature (19°C). In the first 2 d of cooling, A decreased by 50-70%, the stomata stayed open, and the intercellular CO2 concentration (ci) rose, i.e. the decrease in A of the cooled plants was the result of non-stomatal factors. Changes in dark respiration did not account for the decline in A.Clear evidence was obtained of sink control of A by independently manipulating the temperature of different leaves on the plant. Cooling (to 19°C) most of the plant (the sink) led to a 70% decline in A of the remaining leaves at 30°C after 3 d, whereas the converse treatments (30°C sink, 19°C source) resulted in small changes (17%). In plants at 19°C which were exposed to low CO2 concentration to prevent photosynthesis, A was not reduced when measured at normal CO2 concentrations, indicating that carbohydrate accumulation was responsible for the decline in A. Dry-matter build-up at suboptimal temperature was also consistent with end-product inhibition of photosynthesis.