[Immunomodulating activity of RNA mononucleotides]. / Immunomoduliruiushchaia aktivnost' mononukleotidov RNK.

ABSTRACT

The immunological action of RNA mononucleotides was studied in animal experiments. The most pronounced activation of macrophagal glycolysis urea cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, lysosomal hydrolases was induced by uridine 5'-monophosphate (5'-UMP) and guanosine 5'-monophosphate (5'-GMP); 5'-GMP also induced the maximum increase of the expression of FC gamma receptors. 5'-UMP ensured cell activation comparable with the total action of all mononucleotides. 5'-UMP and 5'-GMP, used in combination, produced the highest stimulating effect on macrophages, and the addition of low-active adenosine 5'-monophosphate (5'-AMP) to active 5'-UMP did not decrease the stimulating potency of the latter. The stimulating activity of sodium nucleinate exceeded that of all mononucleotides and their combinations. 5'-GMP and 5'-AMP induced the maximum activation of oxygen metabolism, evaluated by chemiluminescence, while 5'-UMP and cytidine 5'-monophosphate (5'CMP) proved to be inactive. The shift of the phosphate group to the third carbon atom or the production of the oligonucleotide 5'-UMP consisting of 5-15 nucleotides resulted in the appearance of the capacity for stimulating oxygen metabolism in macrophages. Their in vitro cultivation with 5'-GMP and 5'-AMP induced the maximum increase of cell spreading in comparison with other mononucleotides, while the maximum increase of phagocytosis was ensured only by 5'-UMP and 5'-GMP.2+ 5'-UMP and 5'-GMP enhanced nonospecific resistance to Salmonella typhi infection, and sodium nucleinate, to Pseudomonas pseudomallei and Pseudomonas mallei infections.