LXR-dependent and -independent effects of oxysterols on immunity and tumor growth.
Eur J Immunol
; 44(7): 1896-903, 2014 Jul.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24777958
ABSTRACT
Oxysterols are involved in maintaining cellular cholesterol levels. Recently, oxysterols have been demonstrated to modulate the function of immune cells and tumor growth. These effects can be dependent on the activation of the oxysterol-binding liver X receptors (LXRs) or, as recently demonstrated for T and B cells, DCs and neutrophils, can be independent of LXR activation. LXR-dependent oxysterol effects can be ascribed to the activation of LXRα, LXRß or LXRαß isoforms, which induces transcriptional activation or trans-repression of target genes. The prevalent activation of one isoform seems to be cell-, tissue-, or context-specific, as shown in some pathologic processes, i.e., infectious diseases, atherosclerosis, and autoimmunity. Oxysterol-LXR signaling has recently been shown to inhibit antitumor immune responses, as well as to modulate tumor cell growth. Here, we review the mechanisms that link oxysterols to tumor growth, and discuss possible networks at the basis of LXR-dependent and -independent oxysterol effects on immune cells and tumor development.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Colesterol
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Receptores Nucleares Huérfanos
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Hidroxicolesteroles
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Inmunidad
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Neoplasias
Límite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Eur J Immunol
Año:
2014
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Italia