Diverse formulas for spider dragline fibers demonstrated by molecular and mechanical characterization of spitting spider silk.
Biomacromolecules
; 15(12): 4598-605, 2014 Dec 08.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25340514
ABSTRACT
Spider silks have outstanding mechanical properties. Most research has focused on dragline silk proteins (major ampullate spidroins, MaSps) from orb-weaving spiders. Using silk gland expression libraries from the haplogyne spider Scytodes thoracica, we discovered two novel spidroins (S. thoracica fibroin 1 and 2). The amino acid composition of S. thoracica silk glands and dragline fibers suggest that fibroin 1 is the major component of S. thoracica dragline silk. Fibroin 1 is dominated by glycine-alanine motifs, and lacks sequence motifs associated with orb-weaver MaSps. We hypothesize fibroin 2 is a piriform or aciniform silk protein, based on amino acid composition, spigot morphology, and phylogenetic analyses. S. thoracica's dragline silk is less tough than previously reported, but is still comparable to other dragline silks. Our analyses suggest that dragline silk proteins evolved multiple times. This demonstrates that spider dragline silk is more diverse than previously understood, providing alternative high performance silk designs.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Arañas
/
Fibroínas
Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Biomacromolecules
Asunto de la revista:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
Año:
2014
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos