Smoking and plastic surgery, part I. Pathophysiological aspects: update and proposed recommendations.
Ann Chir Plast Esthet
; 60(1): e3-e13, 2015 Feb.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25447216
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Smoking patients undergoing a plastic surgery intervention are exposed to increased risk of perioperative and postoperative complications. It seemed useful to us to establish an update about the negative impact of smoking, especially on wound healing, and also about the indisputable benefits of quitting. We wish to propose a minimum time lapse of withdrawal in the preoperative and postoperative period in order to reduce the risks and maximize the results of the intervention.METHODS:
A literature review of documents from 1972 to 2014 was carried out by searching five different databases (Medline, PubMed Central, Cochrane library, Pascal and Web of Science).RESULTS:
Cigarette smoke has a diffuse and multifactorial impact in the body. Hypoxia, tissue ischemia and immune disorders induced by tobacco consumption cause alterations of the healing process. Some of these effects are reversible by quitting. Data from the literature recommend a preoperative smoking cessation period lasting between 3 and 8 weeks and up until 4 weeks postoperatively. Use of nicotine replacement therapies doubles the abstinence rate in the short term. When a patient is heavily dependent, the surgeon should be helped by a tobacco specialist.CONCLUSIONS:
Total smoking cessation of 4 weeks preoperatively and lasting until primary healing of the operative site (2 weeks) appears to optimize surgical conditions without heightening anesthetic risk. Tobacco withdrawal assistance, both human and drug-based, is highly recommended.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Complicaciones Posoperatorias
/
Cicatrización de Heridas
/
Fumar
/
Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica
Tipo de estudio:
Systematic_reviews
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Ann Chir Plast Esthet
Año:
2015
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Francia