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Presence of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia in water samples from Southeast Asia: towards an integrated water detection system.
Kumar, Thulasi; Abd Majid, Mohamad Azlan; Onichandran, Subashini; Jaturas, Narong; Andiappan, Hemah; Salibay, Cristina C; Tabo, Hazel A L; Tabo, Norbel; Dungca, Julieta Z; Tangpong, Jitbanjong; Phiriyasamith, Sucheep; Yuttayong, Boonyaorn; Polseela, Raxsina; Do, Binh Nhu; Sawangjaroen, Nongyao; Tan, Tian-Chye; Lim, Yvonne A L; Nissapatorn, Veeranoot.
Afiliación
  • Kumar T; Department of Parasitology (Southeast Asia Water Team), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Abd Majid MA; Department of Parasitology (Southeast Asia Water Team), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Onichandran S; Department of Parasitology (Southeast Asia Water Team), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Jaturas N; Department of Parasitology (Southeast Asia Water Team), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Andiappan H; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
  • Salibay CC; Department of Parasitology (Southeast Asia Water Team), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Tabo HA; Biological Science Department, College of Science and Computer Studies, De La Salle University-Dasmariñas, Dasmariñas, Philippines.
  • Tabo N; Biological Science Department, College of Science and Computer Studies, De La Salle University-Dasmariñas, Dasmariñas, Philippines.
  • Dungca JZ; Biological Science Department, College of Science and Computer Studies, De La Salle University-Dasmariñas, Dasmariñas, Philippines.
  • Tangpong J; School of Science and Technology, Centro Escolar University, Manila, Philippines.
  • Phiriyasamith S; School of Allied Health Sciences and Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
  • Yuttayong B; Graduate School, Kasem Bundit University, Bangkok, Thailand.
  • Polseela R; Regional Medical Sciences Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
  • Do BN; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
  • Sawangjaroen N; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Vietnam Military Medical University, 160 Phung Hung Road, Phuc La Ward, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, Vietnam.
  • Tan TC; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand.
  • Lim YA; Department of Parasitology (Southeast Asia Water Team), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  • Nissapatorn V; Department of Parasitology (Southeast Asia Water Team), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Infect Dis Poverty ; 5: 3, 2016 Jan 13.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26763230
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Access to clean and safe drinking water that is free from pathogenic protozoan parasites, especially Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia that cause gastrointestinal illness in humans, is still an issue in Southeast Asia (SEA). This study is the first attempt to detect the aforementioned protozoan parasites in water samples from countries in SEA, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays.

METHODS:

A total of 221 water samples of 10 l each were collected between April and October 2013 from Malaysia (53), Thailand (120), the Philippines (33), and Vietnam (15). A physicochemical analysis was conducted. The water samples were processed in accordance with the US Environmental Protection Agency's methods 1622/1623.1, microscopically observed and subsequently screened using qPCR assays.

RESULTS:

Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in treated water samples from the Philippines (1/10), with a concentration of 0.06 ± 0.19 oocyst/L, and untreated water samples from Thailand (25/93), Malaysia (17/44), and the Philippines (11/23), with concentrations ranging from 0.13 ± 0.18 to 0.57 ± 1.41 oocyst/L. Giardia cysts were found in treated water samples from the Philippines (1/10), with a concentration of 0.02 ± 0.06 cyst/L, and in untreated water samples from Thailand (20/93), Vietnam (5/10), Malaysia (22/44), and the Philippines (16/23), with concentrations ranging from 0.12 ± 0.3 to 8.90 ± 19.65 cyst/L. The pathogens C. parvum and G. lamblia were detected using using qPCR assays by targeting the 138-bp fragment and the small subunit gene, respectively. C. parvum was detected in untreated water samples from the Philippines (1/23) and Malaysia (2/44), whilst, G. lamblia detected was detected in treated water samples from the Philippines (1/10) and in untreated water samples from Thailand (21/93), Malaysia (12/44), and the Philippines (17/23). Nitrate concentration was found to have a high positive correlation with (oo)cyst (0.993).

CONCLUSION:

The presence of (oo)cysts in the water samples means that there is potential risk for zoonotic disease transmission in the studied countries. Detection using qPCR is feasible for quantifying both pathogenic C. parvum and G. lamblia in large water samples.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Agua Potable / Giardia lamblia / Cryptosporidium parvum Tipo de estudio: Diagnostic_studies País/Región como asunto: Asia Idioma: En Revista: Infect Dis Poverty Año: 2016 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Malasia
Texto completo
Añadir a Mi BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Agua Potable / Giardia lamblia / Cryptosporidium parvum Tipo de estudio: Diagnostic_studies País/Región como asunto: Asia Idioma: En Revista: Infect Dis Poverty Año: 2016 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Malasia