MENTAL ASSOCIATION: TESTING INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES BEFORE BINET.
J Hist Behav Sci
; 53(2): 176-198, 2017 Mar.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-28236298
ABSTRACT
This paper challenges the historiographical discontinuity established between earlier "anthropometric testing" and the arrival of "psychological testing" with Binet and Simon's intelligence test in 1905. After some conceptual clarifications, it deals with "word association" a kind of psychological experimentation and testing which became popular over the last two decades of the 19th century. First Galton's exploration are presented, followed by experiments performed at the Leipzig laboratory by Trautscholdt, and then Cattell and Bryant's collective testing. Additionally, I document the use of this method for the study of mental difference through the works of Münsterberg, Bourdon, Jastrow, Nevers and Calkins. The cases I present show how the method gave rise to various measurements and classifications. I conclude that the word association technique triggered reflection on mental "uniqueness", gender traits and the influence of education, among other topics. Moreover, it prepared the terrain and anticipated some basic attractions and problems intelligence testing would later encounter.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Pruebas Psicológicas
/
Individualidad
/
Pruebas de Inteligencia
Tipo de estudio:
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Hist Behav Sci
Año:
2017
Tipo del documento:
Article
Pais de publicación:
EEUU
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ESTADOS UNIDOS
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ESTADOS UNIDOS DA AMERICA
/
EUA
/
UNITED STATES
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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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US
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USA