The Effect of Electronic Cigarettes on Hand Microcirculation.
J Hand Surg Am
; 43(5): 432-438, 2018 05.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29398329
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
Smoking conventional cigarettes reduces peripheral microcirculation leading to worse outcomes after hand surgery. Patients are increasingly using electronic cigarettes (eCigarettes); however, there is no published research investigating the effects of eCigarettes on hand microcirculation.METHODS:
Fifteen healthy subjects with a median age of 26 years were recruited 7 smokers and 8 nonsmokers. A noninvasive O2C laser Doppler probe measured a baseline control reading at deep (7-mm) and superficial (3-mm) levels. Participants commenced a 5-minute smoking protocol of nonnicotine (0-mg) eCigarettes with continuous microcirculation measurements during smoking and for 20 minutes afterward. This was repeated with nicotine (24-mg) eCigarettes. Readings were averaged over 5-minute periods and standardized as a percentage of baseline. A linear mixed-effects model with an unstructured covariance structure was used to analyze the data.RESULTS:
Smokers had a statistically significant reduction in hand microcirculation during and up to 20 minutes after smoking a 24-mg eCigarette. There was a maximum reduction of 77% in superficial flow and 29% in deep flow. After smoking a 0-mg eCigarette, smokers demonstrated an increase in superficial flow of up to 70% with no change in deep flow. Nonsmokers had no statistically significant change in superficial or deep flow after smoking either eCigarette.CONCLUSIONS:
A 24-mg eCigarette significantly reduced smokers' hand microcirculation during and after smoking. Microcirculation increased in smokers after inhalation of a 0-mg eCigarette. CLINICAL RELEVANCE We advise smokers undergoing hand surgery to avoid high-dose eCigarettes and, if necessary, to use 0-mg eCigarettes as an alternative.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Sistemas Electrónicos de Liberación de Nicotina
/
Mano
/
Microcirculación
Tipo de estudio:
Guideline
/
Observational_studies
Límite:
Adult
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Hand Surg Am
Año:
2018
Tipo del documento:
Article