Design of Polyphosphate Inhibitors: A Molecular Dynamics Investigation on Polyethylene Glycol-Linked Cationic Binding Groups.
Biomacromolecules
; 19(4): 1358-1367, 2018 04 09.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29539260
Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) released by human platelets has recently been shown to activate blood clotting and identified as a potential target for the development of novel antithrombotics. Recent studies have shown that polymers with cationic binding groups (CBGs) inhibit polyP and attenuate thrombosis. However, a good molecular-level understanding of the binding mechanism is lacking for further drug development. While molecular dynamics (MD) simulation can provide molecule-level information, the time scale required to simulate these large biomacromolecules makes classical MD simulation impractical. To overcome this challenge, we employed metadynamics simulations with both all-atom and coarse-grained force fields. The force field parameters for polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugated CBGs and polyP were developed to carry out coarse-grained MD simulations, which enabled simulations of these large biomacromolecules in a reasonable time scale. We found that the length of the PEG tail does not impact the interaction between the (PEG) n-CBG and polyP. As expected, increasing the number of the charged tertiary amine groups in the head group strengthens its binding to polyP. Our simulation shows that (PEG) n-CBG initially form aggregates, mostly with the PEG in the core and the hydrophilic CBG groups pointing toward water; then the aggregates approach the polyP and sandwich the polyP to form a complex. We found that the binding of (PEG) n-CBG remains intact against various lengths of polyP. Binding thermodynamics for two of the (PEG) n-CBG/polyP systems simulated were measured by isothermal titration calorimetry to confirm the key finding of the simulations that the length PEG tail does not influence ligand binding to polyP.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Polietilenglicoles
/
Polímeros
/
Polifosfatos
/
Simulación de Dinámica Molecular
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Biomacromolecules
Asunto de la revista:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
Año:
2018
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Canadá
Pais de publicación:
Estados Unidos