Is the matched extreme case-control design more powerful than the nested case-control design?
Stat Methods Med Res
; 28(6): 1911-1923, 2019 06.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29927359
ABSTRACT
For time-to-event data, the study sample is commonly selected using the nested case-control design in which controls are selected at the event time of each case. An alternative sampling strategy is to sample all controls at the same (pre-specified) time, which can either be at the last event time or further out in time. Such controls are the long-term survivors and may therefore constitute a more 'extreme' comparison group and be more informative than controls from the nested case-control design. We investigate this potential information gain by comparing the power of various 'extreme' case-control designs with that of the nested case-control design using simulation studies. We derive an expression for the theoretical average information in a nested and extreme case-control pair for the situation of a single binary exposure. Comparisons reveal that the efficiency of the extreme case-control design increases when the controls are sampled further out in time. In an application to a study of dementia, we identified Apolipoprotein E as a risk factor using a 11 extreme case-control design, which provided a hazard ratio estimate with a smaller standard error than that of a 21 nested case-control design.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Base de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Estudios de Casos y Controles
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Aged
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Stat Methods Med Res
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Suecia