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Novel 'chemical cocktails' in inland waters are a consequence of the freshwater salinization syndrome.
Kaushal, Sujay S; Likens, Gene E; Pace, Michael L; Haq, Shahan; Wood, Kelsey L; Galella, Joseph G; Morel, Carol; Doody, Thomas R; Wessel, Barret; Kortelainen, Pirkko; Räike, Antti; Skinner, Valerie; Utz, Ryan; Jaworski, Norbert.
Afiliación
  • Kaushal SS; Department of Geology, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA skaushal@umd.edu.
  • Likens GE; Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, USA.
  • Pace ML; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
  • Haq S; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
  • Wood KL; Department of Geology, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
  • Galella JG; Department of Geology, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
  • Morel C; Department of Geology, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
  • Doody TR; Department of Geology, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
  • Wessel B; Department of Geology, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
  • Kortelainen P; Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
  • Räike A; Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
  • Skinner V; Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
  • Utz R; Chattham University, Gibsonia, PA, USA.
  • Jaworski N; Chattham University, Gibsonia, PA, USA.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30509916
Widespread changes in water temperatures, salinity, alkalinity and pH have been documented in inland waters in North America, which influence ion exchange, weathering rates, chemical solubility and contaminant toxicity. Increasing major ion concentrations from pollution, human-accelerated weathering and saltwater intrusion contribute to multiple ecological stressors such as changing ionic strength and pH and mobilization of chemical mixtures resulting in the freshwater salinization syndrome (FSS). Here, we explore novel combinations of elements, which are transported together as chemical mixtures containing salts, nutrients and metals as a consequence of FSS. First, we show that base cation concentrations have increased in regions primarily in North America and Europe over 100 years. Second, we show interactions between specific conductance, pH, nitrate and metals using data from greater than 20 streams located in different regions of the USA. Finally, salinization experiments and routine monitoring demonstrate mobilization of chemical mixtures of cations, metals and nutrients in 10 streams draining the Washington, DC-Baltimore, MD metropolitan regions. Freshwater salinization mobilizes diverse chemical mixtures influencing drinking water quality, infrastructure corrosion, freshwater CO2 concentrations and biodiversity. Most regulations currently target individual contaminants, but FSS requires managing mobilization of multiple chemical mixtures and interacting ecological stressors as consequences of freshwater salinization.This article is part of the theme issue 'Salt in freshwaters: causes, ecological consequences and future prospects'.
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Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Contaminantes Químicos del Agua / Salinidad / Organismos Acuáticos / Agua Dulce País/Región como asunto: America do norte / Europa Idioma: En Revista: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci Año: 2018 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Reino Unido

Texto completo: 1 Colección: 01-internacional Base de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Contaminantes Químicos del Agua / Salinidad / Organismos Acuáticos / Agua Dulce País/Región como asunto: America do norte / Europa Idioma: En Revista: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci Año: 2018 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos Pais de publicación: Reino Unido